Residency/Fellowship: Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany (internal medicine), 1981-1984; Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. (rheumatology), 1984-1986; University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (fellowship, medicine), 1986-1987.

Certified by the German Board of Internal Medicine in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology.

University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, consultant, Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, 1988-1989; Chief, Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, 1988-1989.

Appointed to the staff of Mayo Clinic, Division of Rheumatology, 1990; Senior Associate Consultant, 1990-1992; Consultant, 1992-2003; Assistant Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 1990-1993; Associate Professor, 1993-1998; Professor, 1998-2003; Assistant Professor of Immunology, 1991-1993; Associate Professor, 1993-1999; Professor, 1999-2003; Reappointed to the staff of Mayo Clinic, 2021; Professor of Immunology and Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 2021-present; Research Chair, Division of Rheumatology, 2021-present; Joint appointment, Department of Immunology, 2021-present; Joint appointment, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022-present.